Nanotechnology

   One of the major issues facing nanotechnology - how to make molecules grouped in a certain way, self-organize, to eventually obtain new materials or devices. This section deals with the problem of chemistry - supramolecular chemistry. She does not study individual molecules and the interaction between molecules that are able to organize molecules in a certain way, creating new substances and materials. It is encouraging that in nature there are indeed such systems and implementing such processes. Thus, known biopolymers, able to organize a special structure. One example - the proteins that not only can curl into globular shape, and form complexes - structures, including several protein molecules (proteins). Already, there is a method of synthesis, using specific properties of the DNA molecule. Take the complementary DNA to one end connected molecule A or B. We have 2 substance: ---- ---- A and B, where ---- - conventional image of a single DNA molecule. Now, if you mix these 2 substances between the two single strands of DNA form hydrogen bonds, which will attract the molecules A and B to each other. Conventionally, shall represent the resulting connection: ==== AB. The DNA molecule can be easily removed after the end of the process.

   The generation of agglomerates

   The particles size of the order of nanometers, or nanoparticles as they are known in scientific circles, have one property that is preventing their use. They can form agglomerates, ie, stick together with each other. Since nanoparticles are promising in the fields of ceramics, metallurgy, this problem must be addressed. One possible solution - the use of substances - dispersants such as ammonium citrate (aqueous solution), imidazoline, oleic alcohol (insoluble in water). They can be added to the medium containing nanoparticles. More information is considered in the source "Organic Additives And Ceramic Processing,", D. J. Shanefield, Kluwer Academic Publ., Boston